Below is a detailed explanation of our solution, you'll also find a copy of the event file including this Output list below.

With the Splits setup there are various ways this could be achieved, particularly when setting the distances and minimum / maximum speed/pace/time.

Detailed Explanation

The Splits setup here shows the expected passings, looking at the raw data we can see that athletes did cross the Swim Finish after the Run Out which could have been used as a backup, however this was not necessary.

Split Order and Basic Settings

SwimExit - Defined as Swimming with a distance of 750m from start, using the default min/max pace for swimming
BikeOut - Defined as Transition with no distance set using the default min/max time for transition
BikeLap1Split - Defined as Cycling with a distance of 5km from  Split "BikeOut", using the default min/max speed for cycling. Under the advanced settings for this Split the type is defined as "Intern" 
BikeLap1 - Defined as Cycling with a distance of 1.5km From Previous Split, using the default min/max speed for cycling.
BikeLap2Split - Setup the same as BikeLap1Split but with distance defined from Previous Split.
BikeLap2- Setup the same as BikeLap1
BikeLap3Split - Setup the same as BikeLap2Split
BikeIn- Setp the same as BikeLap1 / BikeLap2
RunOut - Setup the same as BikeOut as both are our Transitions
RunLap1 - Defined as Running with distance of 1.65km from Split "RunOut", using the default min/max pace for running
RunLap2 - Setup the same as RunLap 1 but with distance defined From Previous Split.
RunLap3 - Setp the same as RunLap2 but with a distance of 1.7km

Distances could have been defined in various ways, from start, from start of each leg or from previous split for all. We chose to set the first Split for each Leg as from the Leg Start to try to make this a little clearer for each. 

Min/Max Pace/Speed/Time could also be set in a variety of ways, to make for an easier setup we used the default for each type of sport, these are pre-filled after the type of sport field is set. 

Additional Settings

Splits which were to be shown online on leaderboards we also given a label which is easy for followers to understand, such as "Swim Finish" and "Bike Start". Additionally for the BikeIn and Finish we state the lap number here too, since these points act as the end of a leg and also end of a lap, this makes the details list clearer when looking at individual lap times for a leg.

Each Bike Lap Split has additional advanced settings, with the icon highlighted in red. We set each of these to Intern as we did not need to display them in any results lists, plus it also helps make it easier to call our Bike Lap times in the Output List part of this challenge. 

Legs were only defined for the 5 main legs of the triathlon; Swim, Transition1, Bike, Transition2 and Run.

Output Data Fields

These fields could all be called using default Split fields as setup above, no additional results, fields, ranks or legs were required for this setup.

Swim Pace -   Swim.SpeedOrPace
By using .SpeedOrPace we get the default unit of Speed/Pace for the type of Sport which is also included in the returned text. 

Bike Lap 2 Speed - BikeLap2.Sector.SpeedOrPace
Again using .SpeedOrPace but this time we use [BikeLap2.Sector]. Sector time is the time from previous Split, this is part of the reason we set the Bike Lap Splits to internal only, since these are now also ignored for Sector times. [BikeLap2.Sector] would give us the time for BikeLap2.

Previous Bike Finishers Swim Rank - BikeIn.Overall.Prev.SwimExit.Gender
There were a couple of variables to this, in both the ranks used, since this Contest was Elite Men only then Overall,Gender and AgeGroup ranks should all return the same value. 
To calculate this we need to first access the previous finisher on the Bike, this is done with [Bikein.Overall.Prev....] which looks for the previous participant at BikeIn (according to overall rank). From here we can append any additional field names, since we want their swim rank we use SwimExit.Gender which returns their Gender rank at the SwimExit Split.

RunLap3 Time - Finish.Sector
Similar to Bike Lap 2 Speed this uses the Sector time, since the Finish Split is the end of Lap 3 the sector time for this returns the lap 3 time. 

Gap Time To Winner At Finish - Finish.Overall.GapTop
Again this could have used any of Overall, Gender of AgeGroup ranks. The GapTop field returns the GapTime at the defined Split to the 1st person according to the rank. This gap time is formatted by default as "+HH:MM:Ss.KKK", after considering time rounding for the Contest, so all leading zeros are removed.